Three decisions, not one switch
Most robots.txt advice about AI treats every bot as the same thing. It is not, and the difference decides whether you appear in AI answers at all.
Retrieval - blocking costs you citations
OAI-SearchBot, Claude-SearchBot, PerplexityBot fetch pages to answer a live question, and produce the citation link under the answer. Blocking these takes you out of AI search. For almost every business it is an error, and it is usually made by accident while trying to do something else.
User-triggered - a narrow cost
ChatGPT-User and Claude-User fetch your page when a person pastes the link into a chat. Blocking breaks that and nothing else.
Training - a real business decision
GPTBot, ClaudeBot, CCBot, Google-Extended collect corpora for future models. Blocking them has no effect on citation today. Many publishers block these deliberately. That is a choice, not a defect, and we report it as neither good nor bad.
The one that is not a crawler
Google-Extended never fetches anything. It governs whether content Googlebot already has can train Gemini, and blocking it does not touch Google Search. Teams block it fearing a ranking hit that cannot happen, or avoid it fearing a training opt-out they actually wanted.
To see whether the page is worth quoting once crawlers get in, run the AI visibility checker. To write the rules in the first place, use the robots.txt generator instead.